Arduino-Based Fire Alarm System: Basis for Generating Tech-voc Modules

Abstract

This study developed and evaluated an Arduino‑Based Fire Alarm System designed for early fire detection and as a basis for generating Technical‑Vocational (Tech‑Voc) instructional modules for Lala National High School. The system integrates an Arduino Uno microcontroller with MQ‑2 smoke, DHT11/LM35 temperature, and flame sensors to detect fire‑related conditions and activate both audible and visual warning mechanisms. Anchored on Kolb’s Experiential Learning Theory and the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model, the study employed a technical‑developmental research design to guide system development and instructional integration. System evaluation was conducted using ISO/IEC 25010 product quality characteristics, with expert validators assessing functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability, and portability, while Tech‑Voc students evaluated usability and instructional relevance through hands‑on interaction. The results revealed that the developed system demonstrated excellent overall quality, with consistent and favorable assessments from both experts and learners. Statistical analysis indicated no significant difference between expert and learner evaluations, suggesting unified perceptions regarding the system’s effectiveness and instructional value. The study concludes that the Arduino‑Based Fire Alarm System is a practical, cost‑effective, and reliable tool that enhances school fire safety while supporting competency‑based and experiential learning in electronics and microcontroller instruction. The findings affirm the system’s potential as both a functional safety device and an effective instructional platform for Tech‑Voc education.