DIGITAL FORENSIC TOOLS ON CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

Abstract

This qualitative study examined the lived experiences of ten (10) Scene of the Crime Operative (SOCO) officers stationed in two provinces of Zamboanga Sibugay, explicitly focusing on their utilization of digital forensic tools in criminal investigations. Through in-depth interviews, the research revealed the multifaceted realities of SOCO work, including the emotional toll of handling traumatic scenes, the psychological burden of unresolved cases, and the strain of irregular work hours that disrupt personal lives. Officers described how these demands were compounded by inadequate digital forensic equipment, insufficient workforce, and logistical constraints such as inaccessible crime scene locations and a lack of safety resources. Despite these challenges, they remained motivated by a strong sense of purpose and fulfillment in contributing to justice, employing coping mechanisms like emotional resilience, task focus, peer collaboration, and continuous learning. Thematic analysis yielded three major dimensions: operational experiences, critical challenges, and coping strategies. Anchored on Technological Determinism Theory, Routine Activity Theory, and Sociotechnical Systems Theory, the study concluded that digital tools have transformed forensic practices and create systemic vulnerabilities when not adequately supported by training, policy, and organizational infrastructure. These theories emphasized that technological integration must be accompanied by capable guardianship and alignment between technical and social systems. The study recommends upgrading and standardizing forensic tools through the PNP-SOCO Central Office, providing structured mental health services via PNP Health Services and LGUs, addressing personnel and logistical shortages through the PNP Directorate for Logistics, and institutionalizing regular training with academic institutions. Moreover, fostering a positive work culture through team-building and formal recognition by SOCO leadership is essential. Overall, this study highlights the urgent need for systemic support to sustain the well-being and investigative effectiveness of SOCO officers navigating the evolving demands of digital forensic work.